Technological Unemployment News & Discussions

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Nanotechandmorefuture
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R8Z wrote: Sun Jul 24, 2022 1:01 pm I have a feeling that the job of a concept artist is going to be the most shifted around first; a person on this job gathers concepts and builds on early ideas, iterating over them... it's a perfect fit to work along something like DALLE-2 or some other more advanced AI, just playing around with prompt phrases.

This is almost ironic as one of the major supposed roadblocks for AI art creation or creation in general was the lack of "human creativity". It seems this was the easiest step so far. :lol:
Oh yeah. The moment I looked more into this after picking up STEM again after a massive years long hiatus I realized "boy are people going to get QUITE THE SURPRISE!" :lol:

I remember before DALLE-2 some folks on Facebook I think or elsewhere were like "philosophers are not going to be replaced and neither are artists". Uh-huh sure thing scammer. Wonder what their excuse is now? That's the lovely thing about STEM and its that you get the no bs possibilities theorized first and some end up being pretty accurate. The cherry on top is seeing the effect on the naysayers which I imagine now must be some sort of personal chaos or hell for them. Maybe they should have listened to the nerds after all... aw well :roll:
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Tesco says goodbye to staffed checkouts as it prioritises self-service in store revamp

August 12, 2022

Tesco is stripping out the majority of manned checkouts from many of its larger stores as it moves towards a greater focus on self service.

The UK’s biggest supermarket said it would begin reducing the number of traditional manned checkouts available in-store due to a “lack of customer demand”.

It said that trials of the larger self-checkout areas – specifically designed for trolleys rather than baskets – had proved successful.

https://www.retailgazette.co.uk/blog/20 ... checkouts/
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caltrek
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Robots and AI are not as Welcomed in Nations With High Income Inequity


Introduction:
(EurekAlert) ORLANDO, Aug. 24, 2022 – Robots are becoming more ubiquitous in the workplace but that doesn’t mean people are accepting them.

In a new study by researchers with the University of Central Florida, workers in countries with greater amounts of income and social inequality were found to be more likely to perceive robots and artificial intelligence as job threats.

This means in countries such as Sweden, Denmark, Finland and the Netherlands, robots could be met with more open arms than in countries such as Spain or Greece, where there is more income inequality.

The study, which examined countries in Europe, was published recently in the journal Technology, Mind and Behavior.

The study focused on European countries, but study co-author Mindy Shoss, a professor in UCF’s Department of Psychology, says the findings could also help better understand the issue in America.
Read more of the EurekAlert article here: https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/962756

For the lengthier Technology, Mind, and Behavior study: https://tmb.apaopen.org/pub/rv1x9zq4/release/2
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caltrek
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Are Robots and AI Really Going to Displace All Workers? Probably Not
by Robert Blumen
November 7, 2022

Extract:
(MISES via Eurasia Review) Building and running AI requires engineering effort and computing resources such as networks, servers, and storage. AI models are trained by data that must originate with the same human intelligence that the AI is trying to reproduce. If you want to train AI to recognize photographs of cats, someone must have taken the photographs and classified them as cats or “not cats” so that the AI can be validated. If the photos come from security cameras, someone must have installed the cameras.

After the model is built it must be maintained. AI models do not run perfectly forever. They must be monitored for drift, and it requires a human to determine if the drift is due to an error in the ingestion of data, such as a change in units, or a true change in the customer preferences that the model is trying to extract. In the latter case, the model must be retrained on a new data set.

Modern computer systems are built with some degree of self-diagnosing and self-repairing abilities. But the automation must punt all but the most straightforward cases into a call for help that brings a human into the process. Humans are necessary to diagnose problems and restore service when something has gone wrong.

The manufacture of machines such as robots requires a complex structure of production with perhaps tens of thousands of individual parts. Each part must be designed—by a person—manufactured and integrated with the other parts. The integrations, including isolating manufacturing defects, must be tested, and debugged.

…Robots and made out of metals, which are mined out of the ground…If miners were replaced with robots—how much labor would be required to build the robots including the entire supply chain, transportation, and the energy used to run them? It’s hard to say but a fraction of the impact would be shifts in the type of employment.
Read more here: https://www.eurasiareview.com/07112022 ... not-oped/
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caltrek
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Robots are Taking Over Jobs, But Not at the Rate You Might Think
November 9, 2022

Introduction:
(EurekAlert) It’s easy to believe that robots are stealing jobs from human workers and drastically disrupting the labor market; after all, you’ve likely heard that chatbots make more efficient customer service representatives and that computer programs are tracking and moving packages without the use of human hands.

But there’s no need to panic about a pending robot takeover just yet, says a new study from BYU sociology professor Eric Dahlin. Dahlin’s research found that robots aren’t replacing humans at the rate most people think, but people are prone to severely exaggerate the rate of robot takeover.
The study, recently published in Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World, found that only 14% of workers say they’ve seen their job replaced by a robot. But those who have experienced job displacement due to a robot overstate the effect of robots taking jobs from humans by about three times.

To understand the relationship between job loss and robots, Dahlin surveyed nearly 2,000 individuals about their perceptions of jobs being replaced by robots. Respondents were first asked to estimate the percentage of employees whose employers have replaced jobs with robots. They were then asked whether their employer had ever replaced their job with a robot.

Those who had been replaced by a robot (about 14%), estimated that 47% of all jobs have been taken over by robots. Similarly, those who hadn’t experienced job replacement still estimated that 29% of jobs have been supplanted by robots.
Read more here: https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/970815
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Fired Twitter cleaning staff 'treated like garbage'

11 hours ago

Cleaners at Twitter's headquarters in San Francisco have told the BBC they were sacked without severance pay.

One of them told the BBC a member of Elon Musk's team had said their jobs would be replaced by robots.

[...]

"People worked without worries," he told the BBC. "Now we are afraid."

Since Mr Musk acquired the company, Mr Alvarado says he was escorted by private security while cleaning parts of the office.

He also says he was told by someone from Mr Musk's team that his job would be obsolete soon anyway because robots would eventually replace human cleaners.

https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-63912116
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If it’s true it’s not like they’re just going to sit on it forever. At some point the most advanced AI’s today will become commonplace.
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wjfox wrote: Wed Dec 21, 2022 12:29 pm
I easily believe this I thought ChatGPT was basically modified GPT3 and hence was state of the art 2-3 years ago but not now.
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funkervogt
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The stock photography business is doomed.
Photographer Antti Karppinen shot photos for a client which became the basis of a dataset so that AI images can be produced of the models — removing the need for him to shoot any more photos.
https://petapixel.com/2022/12/21/photos ... ots-again/
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Welcome to the First Ever McDonald's Where You're Served by Robots — In Texas

By Alice Gibbs On 12/22/22 at 11:32 AM EST

McDonald's has begun testing its first-ever robot restaurant in Texas, sparking debate and intrigue in equal measure.

In Fort Worth, Texas, the branch is fully automated and requires no human contact to order and pick up your favorite meal.

The introvert's dream gained viral attention online after TikTok and Instagram user foodiemunster shared a video from inside. With 1.2 million views, the video shows how customers can use automated screens to order fast food and collect it via a machine.

https://www.newsweek.com/first-ever-mcd ... as-1769116
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caltrek
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For some reason, I have always loved reading about McDonalds. I am neither a full-blooded cheerleader nor am I an absolute total critic.

On the positive, there is the convenience and relatively low cost. There are also a lot of entry level jobs provided by McDonalds

On the negative, there are rampant workplace abuse allegations and generally low wages, to the point of exploitation of their work force.

Decades ago, there lived an economist named John K Galbraith. A very big name in his time, but now largely forgotten. Galbraith made an interesting point about minimum wage laws. Such laws were valid, he argued, because if the work was truly that essential, then employers should be willing to pay a living wage. He also pointed out that raising the cost of labor provided an incentive for alternative methods of production, provision of services, etc. In his time, a main result being mechanization. As I have argued in the past, robotization is simply a further extension of mechanization. AI displacing jobs is also a step further.

So, let us look at this entire process. Mechanization etc. displaces jobs. Yet, these jobs are most often at the low end of the skill scale. A corporation still retains employees at the higher end of the skill scale, still pays out dividends, and in a growing economy still owns assets that appreciate in value even as they are depreciated for accounting purposes. Such depreciation is rationalized based of the need to repair and replace aging machinery, etc. Also known as "capital." So, new jobs may actually be created for repair and replacement of capital purposes. Meanwhile, other jobs may slowly open up in what was the luxury goods and service industry. Think tourism for example, which has saved many a local economy from utter ruin.

Now, that does not mean that everything comes up rosy. Even upper-class work environments have problems with work site conditions - think sexual harassment for example. From an economics perspective, there is also a matter of big capital crowding out small capital. This results in the development of what Galbraith and other economists refer to as the monopoly sect of the economy. Often not a matter of true monopolies, but rather oligopolies in which a small number of firms crowd out a lot of businesses, and then dominate the market through what is called "price-signaling."

Of course, it gets even more complicated from there. Arguments about "the declining rate of profit" for example that occur even among and between well intentioned sorts. These arguments revolve in part around the issue of sustaining aggregate demand. Economic power also translates to political power. So, there is also the issue of a growing inequality of wealth brought on by an initial imbalance in both the economic and political sphere.

That ends my soap box presentation for the day. Any comments, criticisms, corrections, or "likes"?

Likes are greatly appreciated, especially if one is largely in agreement. I don't do this for pay-check you know.

Let me see, what was the amount of the last paycheck I received from WJ Fox. Oh yes, $0.00. Hence no actual issuance of such a thing :D
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wjfox wrote: Sat Dec 31, 2022 9:43 pm
I'm sure some humans will do so. However, many others will handle the transition badly by turning to hedonism or antisociality.
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Apple has quietly launched a catalogue of books narrated by artificial intelligence in a move that may mark the beginning of the end for human narrators. The strategy marks an attempt to upend the lucrative and fast-growing audiobook market – but it also promises to intensify scrutiny over allegations of Apple’s anti-competitive behaviour.
https://www.theguardian.com/technology/ ... audiobooks

I think there will still be jobs for human narrators for years, but the jobs will be very low-paid and probably held by people in poor countries. I think even the best voice bots will struggle for a long time to reproduce the nuances of human speech, so human input will be required to make high-quality audiobooks.

For example, say we're trying to narrate a dramatic scene from a novel. An AI wouldn't be able to detect the emotions that the different characters were supposed to be conveying, and it would just read their lines in monotones. To prevent that, human voice actors would read the lines in key scenes like that, and infuse the lines with the correct emotions and appropriate variations in speed, volume, and pitch. The AI would then keep those elements, but apply a layer of audio alteration to change the identity of the voices.

Let's say the scene in the novel has several dramatic, emotional lines delivered by a male character. Let's also say that, based on the age and other attributes of the character, the producer of the audiobook has decided that James Earl Jones' voice is the most appropriate for that character. For that scene, the producer would cheaply hire an English-speaking person who lived in India or the Philippines to record the male character's lines in a local recording studio, and to email the file to the producer. The producer would then cut and paste those emotion-laden lines into the appropriate section of the audiobook file, and would then tell the AI to change the human voice actor's voice to match James Earl Jones'.

And there you would have it. A gripping, thunderous delivery by James Earl Jones himself.

Though AI will destroy many jobs in the audiobook industry, I think it will make the industry's products better. I'm listening to a fiction audiobook right now, and it's dull having one, male voice do the third-person narration and voice all the characters' lines, including those of the females and of characters whose ages don't match that of his own voice. So much would be added if each voice were unique and appropriate to each character.
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caltrek
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Cameo appearances could also work. Think Lt. Commander Data. Except AI would be truly without emotions, at least in early iterations. Maybe by 2050...
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I’m a copywriter. I’m pretty sure artificial intelligence is going to take my job

My amusement quickly turned to horror: it had taken ChatGPT roughly 30 seconds to create, for free, an article that I charged £500 for. The artificial intelligence software is by no means perfect – yet. For businesses that rely on churning out reams of fresh copy, however, it’s a no-brainer, isn’t it?
https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfr ... bs-economy

At least in the U.S., the mainstream media is so misleading, biased and dumbed-down that I'd actually trust a machine more to write news articles.
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Image
10 AI Images That You
Won't Believe Are FAKE
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To know is essentially the same as not knowing. The only thing that occurs is the rearrangement of atoms in your brain.
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