Biology & Medicine News and Discussions

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caltrek
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He Rose to Fame as a Covid Contrarian, and Trump Wants Him to Be National Institute of Health Head
by Kiera Butler
November 26, 2024

Introduction:
(Mother Jones) On Tuesday, President-elect Donald Trump announced that he would nominate Dr. Jay Bhattacharya to lead the National Institutes of Health, a government agency composed of more than 18,000 employees with an annual budget of $47 billion. Bhattacharya, a professor of economics and health policy at Stanford University, has no leadership experience in either government or large organizations, but, like some other Trump nominees, he is outspoken about what he sees as the tyranny of public health restrictions and censorship on social media platforms. Bhattacharya came into prominence as a strong critic of Covid vaccine mandates, though he has said publicly that he supports some routine childhood vaccinations, including those that prevent polio and measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR).

Bhattacharya, who didn’t respond to a list of questions emailed by Mother Jones, has held several appointments at Stanford, including at the university’s libertarian-leaning Hoover Institution. But it was during the pandemic that he emerged as a high-profile public health iconoclast, criticizing lockdowns, and then mask and vaccine mandates. Bhattacharya was one of the three authors of the Great Barrington Declaration, a 2020 document—developed at a meeting of the American Institute for Economic Research, a libertarian think tank—that recommended that the United States achieve Covid herd immunity by employing a strategy of mass infection. Bhattacharya and his co-authors—biostatistician Martin Kulldorff and epidemiologist Sunetra Gupta—suggested sequestering vulnerable populations, such as the elderly and those with weakened immune systems, while permitting other citizens to go about business as usual.

At a conference hosted by the anti-lockdown group the Brownstone Institute in November 2021, nearly a year after the rollout of the Covid vaccines, Bhattacharya lamented that public health had become a tool “for authoritarian power” and “to enforce the biosecurity state.” He has repeatedly criticized the agency he is now poised to lead, suggesting that it punishes scientists who buck consensus by denying them funding.

Bhattacharya’s critique of pandemic protocols caught on in right-wing circles, and he became a regular at conservative gatherings.
Read more here: https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2 ... irector/
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firestar464
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First new treatment for asthma attacks in 50 years

https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-11- ... years.html
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AI can predict neuroscience study results better than human experts, study finds

https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-11- ... perts.html
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Meta-analysis of hunter–gatherer societies shows remarkable physical abilities of both genders

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-meta-anal ... kable.html
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firestar464 wrote: Sun Dec 08, 2024 4:58 pm Meta-analysis of hunter–gatherer societies shows remarkable physical abilities of both genders

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-meta-anal ... kable.html
Likely the reason why a chimp can take on an human with such ease.
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Lilymoon
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What’s really blocking the development of stem cells and tissue engineering is the fact that it is impossible to sell them profitably in a country where you have to spend $1 billion and 15 years of time to get government approval to sell it at all, and then it has to be paid for by an insurance company or government payer rather than the consumer.

So the reality is, these things aren’t going to come to the market until there is a societal level change in what we expect the government to do for us. That isn’t likely to happen for generations.
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firestar464
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A public health emergency is waiting at the bottom of the antibiotic resistance cliff
https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-12- ... tance.html
by Heidi Toth, Northern Arizona University
The rise of antibiotic-resistant bacteria could lead to a catastrophic rise in infection-related deaths, according to new research led by Northern Arizona University.

The question likely isn't whether it will happen, but when, the lead author has warned.

The study, published in Communications Medicine, paints a bleak picture of public health in the coming decades. As the use of antibiotics has increased worldwide, bacteria have become increasingly resistant to many different antibiotics, known as multidrug-resistance. That puts the entire global population at increased risk of death from infection.

"Multidrug-resistance is bad, but once a pathogen gains resistance to all known antibiotics, known as pan-resistance, a dramatically rapid shift, rather than a gradual rise in public health impacts, can be expected," said lead author Benjamin Koch, senior research scientist at NAU's Center for Ecosystem Science and Society (Ecoss).
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Smoking just one cigarette can reduce lifespan by about 20 minutes

https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-01- ... nutes.html
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firestar464 wrote: Sun Jan 05, 2025 9:49 pm Smoking just one cigarette can reduce lifespan by about 20 minutes

https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-01- ... nutes.html
Not that bad to be honest.
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New Study Says Fitness Level Matters More Than Weight When It Comes to Health

Wed, December 11, 2024 at 7:15 PM GMT

Although body mass index (BMI) has been routinely criticized as a poor measure of overall health, it’s still used by many healthcare practitioners and individuals as a shortcut to understanding whether someone has more health risks. But a new meta-analysis provides yet another reason for why we need to take the longer route instead.

Published in the British Journal of Sports Medicine, the research looked at 20 studies in which cardiorespiratory fitness was compared to BMI in nearly 400,000 adults, in terms of the effects of both on cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality risk.

Cardiorespiratory fitness is defined as the ability of circulatory and respiratory systems to supply oxygen to the muscles during exercise—and the higher your capacity, the more fit you are. You’ll recognize VO2 max as the marker of your cardio fitness. According to previous research, this metric is widely seen as beneficial to both physical and mental health for all ages.

In the new meta-analysis, researchers found that those with higher cardiorespiratory fitness levels had significant protection from cardiovascular disease and other mortality risks, no matter what BMI category they fell into. In fact, those classified as “obese” in the BMI chart but were considered fit had much lower risk of death compared to “normal” weight, unfit participants.

“The takeaway message of our study is that from a health perspective, the risks of being unfit are far worse than the risks associated with carrying extra weight,” said lead author Siddhartha Angadi, Ph.D., associate professor in the department of kinesiology at the University of Virginia. “Unfit individuals, regardless of whether they’re considered normal weight, overweight, or obese, had a two- to three-fold greater risk of mortality compared to fit individuals across weight categories. This study builds on a large body of research over the past three decades that underscores the importance of fitness over fatness.”

https://www.yahoo.com/lifestyle/study-s ... 00905.html
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Depression breakthrough: Almost 300 previously unknown genes identified
By Bronwyn Thompson
January 14, 2025
https://newatlas.com/mental-health/depr ... discovery/
We've never been closer to accurately assessing whether an individual is more susceptible to developing major depressive disorder due to their biology, with 293 newly identified gene variants found to play a role in ramping up the risk factor. That's 42% more than was previously known.

A massive trans-ancestry genome-wide association study (GWAS) looked at the genetic makeup of 688,808 individuals with depression and 4,364,225 people in the control group and identified, in total, 697 variants across 635 gene loci linked to the disorder. 293 of those were new findings.

It's the result of nearly eight years of work by an international team of scientists led by the University of Edinburgh and King’s College in London, along with researchers from QIMR Berghofer, The University of Queensland (UQ) and the Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney.

“Our research has identified numerous genetic factors that contribute to the condition, showing that it involves a complex mix of genes," said UQ scientist Enda Byrne. "These findings offer new opportunities to improve how we treat and support those with depression."
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Extinction threatens nearly a quarter of all freshwater species
Freshwater ecosystems cover less than 1% of Earth's surface, but are vital for life on this planet. New research reveals that damage to these environments is pushing freshwater animals to the edge of extinction, with 24% of species in danger of being wiped out.

Thousands of fish, crab and dragonfly species could become extinct in the coming decades—and many more could follow.

A landmark assessment of the health of nearly 24,000 freshwater species found that just under a quarter are at risk of extinction. Of these, almost 1,000 species are considered Critically Endangered, with 200 having potentially been lost already.

These numbers may only represent the tip of the iceberg, with scientists lacking the information needed to properly understand the extinction risk of thousands of species. Catherine Sayer, the lead author of the study, says that urgent action is needed to understand and protect these animals.
https://phys.org/news/2025-01-extinctio ... ecies.html
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Trump just halted all external communication from health agencies (CDC, FDA, etc.).

This is madness.

https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2 ... ion-pause/
"The Trump administration has instructed federal health agencies to pause all external communications, such as health advisories, weekly scientific reports, updates to websites and social media posts, according to nearly a dozen current and former officials and other people familiar with the matter.

The instructions were delivered Tuesday to staff at agencies inside the Department of Health and Human Services, including officials at the Food and Drug Administration, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and National Institutes of Health, one day after the new administration took office, according to the people with knowledge, who spoke on the condition of anonymity to describe private conversations. Some people familiar with the matter acknowledged that they expected some review during a presidential transition but said they were confused by the pause’s scope and indeterminate length.

The health agencies are charged with making decisions that touch the lives of every American and are the source of crucial information to health-care providers and organizations across the country.

The pause on communications includes scientific reports issued
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https://bsky.app/profile/apoorvanyt.bsk ... r3bwmyxc2n
The Trump administration has instructed organizations in other countries to stop disbursing HIV medications purchased with U.S. aid, even if the drugs have already been obtained and are sitting in local clinics.
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weatheriscool wrote: Tue Jan 28, 2025 9:43 pm https://bsky.app/profile/apoorvanyt.bsk ... r3bwmyxc2n
The Trump administration has instructed organizations in other countries to stop disbursing HIV medications purchased with U.S. aid, even if the drugs have already been obtained and are sitting in local clinics.
I can't help but feel this decision in particular is the result of conservatives' homophobia...
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"Injectable bone" gel may be a radically better treatment for osteoporosis
By Ben Coxworth
February 02, 2025
Osteoporosis is typically treated with orally administered drugs, which may take up to a year to have a noticeable effect. A new injectable hydrogel, however, is claimed to drastically boost bone density in as little as two weeks.

The disease occurs when there's an imbalance between a person's osteoblasts – which are bone-building cells – and their osteoclasts, which are bone-degrading cells.

Ordinarily, osteoclasts serve a beneficial function by reshaping bones so they become stronger over time. When those cells outnumber the osteoblasts, though, there's an overall loss of bone tissue, resulting in weaker, more fragile bones.

Treatment usually involves the use of pharmaceuticals that either decrease the rate at which old bone tissue is broken down, or increase the rate at which new bone tissue is produced.
https://newatlas.com/disease/injectable ... eoporosis/
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